Colour is an open-source Python package providing a comprehensive number of algorithms and datasets for colour science.
It is freely available under the BSD-3-Clause terms.
Colour is an affiliated project of NumFOCUS, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit in the United States.
1 Draft Release Notes#
The draft release notes of the develop branch are available at this url.
2 Sponsors#
We are grateful for the support of our sponsors. If you’d like to join them, please consider becoming a sponsor on OpenCollective.
3 Features#
Most of the objects are available from the colour namespace:
import colour
3.1 Automatic Colour Conversion Graph - colour.graph#
import colour
sd = colour.SDS_COLOURCHECKERS["ColorChecker N Ohta"]["dark skin"]
colour.convert(sd, "Spectral Distribution", "sRGB", verbose={"mode": "Short"})
===============================================================================
* *
* [ Conversion Path ] *
* *
* "sd_to_XYZ" --> "XYZ_to_sRGB" *
* *
===============================================================================
[0.49034776 0.30185875 0.23587685]
import colour
sd = colour.SDS_COLOURCHECKERS["ColorChecker N Ohta"]["dark skin"]
illuminant = colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["FL2"]
colour.convert(
sd,
"Spectral Distribution",
"sRGB",
sd_to_XYZ={"illuminant": illuminant},
)
[0.47924575 0.31676968 0.17362725]
3.2 Chromatic Adaptation - colour.adaptation#
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952]
D65 = colour.CCS_ILLUMINANTS["CIE 1931 2 Degree Standard Observer"]["D65"]
A = colour.CCS_ILLUMINANTS["CIE 1931 2 Degree Standard Observer"]["A"]
colour.chromatic_adaptation(XYZ, colour.xy_to_XYZ(D65), colour.xy_to_XYZ(A))
[0.25331034 0.13765286 0.01543185]
import colour
sorted(colour.CHROMATIC_ADAPTATION_METHODS)
['CIE 1994', 'CMCCAT2000', 'Fairchild 1990', 'Li 2025', 'Von Kries', 'Zhai 2018', 'vK20']
3.3 Algebra - colour.algebra#
3.3.1 Kernel Interpolation#
import colour
y = [5.9200, 9.3700, 10.8135, 4.5100, 69.5900, 27.8007, 86.0500]
x = range(len(y))
colour.KernelInterpolator(x, y)([0.25, 0.75, 5.50])
[6.18062083 8.08238488 57.85783403]
3.3.2 Sprague (1880) Interpolation#
import colour
y = [5.9200, 9.3700, 10.8135, 4.5100, 69.5900, 27.8007, 86.0500]
x = range(len(y))
colour.SpragueInterpolator(x, y)([0.25, 0.75, 5.50])
[6.72951612 7.81406251 43.77379185]
3.4 Colour Appearance Models - colour.appearance#
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
XYZ_w = [95.05, 100.00, 108.88]
L_A = 318.31
Y_b = 20.0
colour.XYZ_to_CIECAM02(XYZ, XYZ_w, L_A, Y_b)
CAM_Specification_CIECAM02(J=34.434525727858997, C=67.365010921125915, h=22.279164147957076, s=62.814855853327131, Q=177.47124941102123, M=70.024939419291385, H=2.689608534423904, HC=None)
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
XYZ_w = [95.05, 100.00, 108.88]
L_A = 318.31
Y_b = 20.0
colour.XYZ_to_CIECAM16(XYZ, XYZ_w, L_A, Y_b)
CAM_Specification_CIECAM16(J=33.880368498111686, C=69.444353357408033, h=19.510887327451748, s=64.03612114840314, Q=176.03752758512178, M=72.18638534116765, H=399.52975599115319, HC=None)
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
XYZ_w = [95.05, 100.00, 108.88]
L_A = 318.31
Y_b = 20.0
colour.XYZ_to_CAM16(XYZ, XYZ_w, L_A, Y_b)
CAM_Specification_CAM16(J=33.880368498111686, C=69.444353357408033, h=19.510887327451748, s=64.03612114840314, Q=176.03752758512178, M=72.18638534116765, H=399.52975599115319, HC=None)
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
XYZ_w = [95.05, 100.00, 108.88]
L_A = 318.31
Y_b = 20.0
colour.XYZ_to_Hellwig2022(XYZ, XYZ_w, L_A, Y_b)
CAM_Specification_Hellwig2022(J=33.880368498111686, C=37.579419116276348, h=19.510887327451748, s=109.33343382561695, Q=45.34489577734751, M=49.577131618021212, H=399.52975599115319, HC=None, J_HK=39.41741758094139, Q_HK=52.755585941150315)
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
XYZ_w = [95.05, 100.00, 108.88]
L_A = 318.31
Y_b = 20.0
colour.XYZ_to_Kim2009(XYZ, XYZ_w, L_A)
CAM_Specification_Kim2009(J=19.879918542450937, C=55.83905525087696, h=22.013388165090031, s=112.9797935493912, Q=36.309026130161513, M=46.346415858227871, H=2.3543198369639753, HC=None)
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
XYZ_w = [95.05, 100.00, 108.88]
L_A = 318.31
Y_b = 20.0
colour.XYZ_to_sCAM(XYZ, XYZ_w, L_A, Y_b)
CAM_Specification_sCAM(J=42.550992142462782, C=40.419439198593302, h=20.904455433026421, Q=175.74578999778015, M=14.325369984981474, H=7.1106008503613021, HC=None, V=81.92545469934403, K=18.07454530065597, W=0.023675944970833029, D=99.976324055029167)
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
XYZ_w = [95.05, 100.00, 108.88]
L_A = 318.31
Y_b = 20.0
colour.XYZ_to_ZCAM(XYZ, XYZ_w, L_A, Y_b)
CAM_Specification_ZCAM(J=38.347186278956357, C=21.121389892085183, h=33.711578931095183, s=81.444585609489536, Q=76.986725284523772, M=42.403805833900513, H=0.45779200212217158, HC=None, V=43.623590687423551, K=43.20894953152817, W=34.829588380192149)
3.5 Colour Blindness - colour.blindness#
import colour
cmfs = colour.colorimetry.MSDS_CMFS_LMS["Stockman & Sharpe 2 Degree Cone Fundamentals"]
colour.msds_cmfs_anomalous_trichromacy_Machado2009(cmfs, [15, 0, 0])[450]
[0.08912884 0.0870524 0.955393 ]
import colour
cmfs = colour.colorimetry.MSDS_CMFS_LMS["Stockman & Sharpe 2 Degree Cone Fundamentals"]
primaries = colour.MSDS_DISPLAY_PRIMARIES["Apple Studio Display"]
d_LMS = (15, 0, 0)
colour.matrix_anomalous_trichromacy_Machado2009(cmfs, primaries, d_LMS)
[[-0.27774652 2.65150084 -1.37375432]
[0.27189369 0.20047862 0.52762768]
[0.00644047 0.25921579 0.73434374]]
3.6 Colour Correction - colour characterisation#
import colour
import numpy as np
RGB = [0.17224810, 0.09170660, 0.06416938]
M_T = np.random.random((24, 3))
M_R = M_T + (np.random.random((24, 3)) - 0.5) * 0.5
colour.colour_correction(RGB, M_T, M_R)
[0.17960686 0.08935744 0.06766639] # (results will vary due to random inputs)
import colour
sorted(colour.COLOUR_CORRECTION_METHODS)
['Cheung 2004', 'Finlayson 2015', 'Vandermonde']
3.7 ACES Input Transform - colour characterisation#
import colour
sensitivities = colour.MSDS_CAMERA_SENSITIVITIES["Nikon 5100 (NPL)"]
illuminant = colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["D55"]
colour.matrix_idt(sensitivities, illuminant)
(array([[0.59368175, 0.30418373, 0.10213451],
[0.0045798 , 1.14946005, -0.15403985],
[0.03552214, -0.16312291, 1.12760078]]), array([1.58214188, 1. , 1.28910346]))
3.8 Colorimetry - colour.colorimetry#
3.8.1 Spectral Computations#
import colour
colour.sd_to_XYZ(colour.SDS_LIGHT_SOURCES["Neodimium Incandescent"])
[36.94726204 32.62076174 13.0143849 ]
import colour
sorted(colour.SD_TO_XYZ_METHODS)
['ASTM E308', 'Integration', 'astm2015']
3.8.2 Multi-Spectral Computations#
import colour
msds = [
[
[
0.01367208,
0.09127947,
0.01524376,
0.02810712,
0.19176012,
0.04299992,
],
[
0.00959792,
0.25822842,
0.41388571,
0.22275120,
0.00407416,
0.37439537,
],
[
0.01791409,
0.29707789,
0.56295109,
0.23752193,
0.00236515,
0.58190280,
],
],
[
[
0.01492332,
0.10421912,
0.02240025,
0.03735409,
0.57663846,
0.32416266,
],
[
0.04180972,
0.26402685,
0.03572137,
0.00413520,
0.41808194,
0.24696727,
],
[
0.00628672,
0.11454948,
0.02198825,
0.39906919,
0.63640803,
0.01139849,
],
],
[
[
0.04325933,
0.26825359,
0.23732357,
0.05175860,
0.01181048,
0.08233768,
],
[
0.02484169,
0.12027161,
0.00541695,
0.00654612,
0.18603799,
0.36247808,
],
[
0.03102159,
0.16815442,
0.37186235,
0.08610666,
0.00413520,
0.78492409,
],
],
[
[
0.11682307,
0.78883040,
0.74468607,
0.83375293,
0.90571451,
0.70054168,
],
[
0.06321812,
0.41898224,
0.15190357,
0.24591440,
0.55301750,
0.00657664,
],
[
0.00305180,
0.11288624,
0.11357290,
0.12924391,
0.00195315,
0.21771573,
],
],
]
colour.msds_to_XYZ(
msds,
method="Integration",
shape=colour.SpectralShape(400, 700, 60),
)
[[[7.68544647 4.09414317 8.49324254]
[17.12567298 27.77681821 25.52573685]
[19.10280411 34.45851476 29.76319628]]
[[18.03375827 8.62340812 9.71702574]
[15.03110867 6.54001068 24.53208465]
[37.68269495 26.4411103 10.66361816]]
[[8.09532373 12.75333339 25.79613956]
[7.09620297 2.79257389 11.15039854]
[8.933163 19.39985815 17.14915636]]
[[80.00969553 80.39810464 76.08184429]
[33.27611427 24.38947838 39.34919287]
[8.89425686 11.05185138 10.86767594]]]
import colour
sorted(colour.MSDS_TO_XYZ_METHODS)
['ASTM E308', 'Integration', 'astm2015']
3.8.3 Blackbody Spectral Radiance Computation#
import colour
colour.sd_blackbody(5000)
[[360. 6654.27827064]
[361. 6709.60527925]
[362. 6764.82512152]
...
[780. 10573.85196369]]
3.8.4 Dominant, Complementary Wavelength & Colour Purity Computation#
import colour
xy = [0.54369557, 0.32107944]
xy_n = [0.31270000, 0.32900000]
colour.dominant_wavelength(xy, xy_n)
(np.float64(616.0), array([0.68354746, 0.31628409]), array([0.68354746, 0.31628409]))
3.8.5 Lightness Computation#
import colour
colour.lightness(12.19722535)
np.float64(41.5278758447)
import colour
sorted(colour.LIGHTNESS_METHODS)
['Abebe 2017', 'CIE 1976', 'Fairchild 2010', 'Fairchild 2011', 'Glasser 1958', 'Lstar1976', 'Wyszecki 1963']
3.8.6 Luminance Computation#
import colour
colour.luminance(41.52787585)
np.float64(12.1972253534)
import colour
sorted(colour.LUMINANCE_METHODS)
['ASTM D1535', 'Abebe 2017', 'CIE 1976', 'Fairchild 2010', 'Fairchild 2011', 'Newhall 1943', 'astm2008', 'cie1976']
3.8.7 Whiteness Computation#
import colour
XYZ = [95.00000000, 100.00000000, 105.00000000]
XYZ_0 = [94.80966767, 100.00000000, 107.30513595]
colour.whiteness(XYZ, XYZ_0)
[93.756 -1.33000001]
import colour
sorted(colour.WHITENESS_METHODS)
['ASTM E313', 'Berger 1959', 'CIE 2004', 'Ganz 1979', 'Stensby 1968', 'Taube 1960', 'cie2004']
3.8.8 Yellowness Computation#
import colour
XYZ = [95.00000000, 100.00000000, 105.00000000]
colour.yellowness(XYZ)
np.float64(4.34)
import colour
sorted(colour.YELLOWNESS_METHODS)
['ASTM D1925', 'ASTM E313', 'ASTM E313 Alternative']
3.8.9 Luminous Flux, Efficiency & Efficacy Computation#
import colour
sd = colour.SDS_LIGHT_SOURCES["Neodimium Incandescent"]
colour.luminous_flux(sd)
np.float64(23807.6555274)
import colour
sd = colour.SDS_LIGHT_SOURCES["Neodimium Incandescent"]
colour.luminous_efficiency(sd)
np.float64(0.199439356245)
import colour
sd = colour.SDS_LIGHT_SOURCES["Neodimium Incandescent"]
colour.luminous_efficacy(sd)
np.float64(136.217080315)
3.9 Contrast Sensitivity Function - colour.contrast#
import colour
colour.contrast_sensitivity_function(u=4, X_0=60, E=65)
np.float64(358.511807899)
import colour
sorted(colour.CONTRAST_SENSITIVITY_METHODS)
['Barten 1999']
3.10 Colour Difference - colour.difference#
import colour
Lab_1 = [100.00000000, 21.57210357, 272.22819350]
Lab_2 = [100.00000000, 426.67945353, 72.39590835]
colour.delta_E(Lab_1, Lab_2)
np.float64(94.0356490267)
import colour
sorted(colour.DELTA_E_METHODS)
['CAM02-LCD', 'CAM02-SCD', 'CAM02-UCS', 'CAM16-LCD', 'CAM16-SCD', 'CAM16-UCS', 'CIE 1976', 'CIE 1994', 'CIE 2000', 'CMC', 'DIN99', 'HyAB', 'HyCH', 'ITP', 'cie1976', 'cie1994', 'cie2000']
3.11 IO - colour.io#
3.11.1 Images#
import colour
RGB = colour.read_image("Ishihara_Colour_Blindness_Test_Plate_3.png")
RGB.shape
(276, 281, 3)
3.11.2 Spectral Images - Fichet et al. (2021)#
import colour
components = colour.read_spectral_image_Fichet2021("Polarised.exr")
list(components.keys())
['S0', 'S1', 'S2', 'S3']
3.11.3 Look Up Table (LUT) Data#
import colour
LUT = colour.read_LUT("ACES_Proxy_10_to_ACES.cube")
print(LUT)
LUT3x1D - ACES Proxy 10 to ACES
-------------------------------
Dimensions : 2
Domain : [[0 0 0]
[1 1 1]]
Size : (32, 3)
import colour
RGB = [0.17224810, 0.09170660, 0.06416938]
LUT.apply(RGB)
[0.00575674, 0.00181493, 0.00121419]
3.12 Colour Models - colour.models#
3.12.1 CIE xyY Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_xyY([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[0.54369557 0.32107944 0.12197225]
3.12.2 CIE L*a*b* Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_Lab([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[41.52787529 52.63858304 26.92317922]
3.12.3 CIE L*u*v* Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_Luv([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[41.52787529 96.83626054 17.75210149]
3.12.4 CIE 1960 UCS Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_UCS([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[0.13769339 0.12197225 0.1053731 ]
3.12.5 CIE 1964 U*V*W* Colourspace#
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
colour.XYZ_to_UVW(XYZ)
[94.55035725 11.55536523 40.54757405]
3.12.6 CAM02-LCD, CAM02-SCD, and CAM02-UCS Colourspaces - Luo, Cui and Li (2006)#
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
XYZ_w = [95.05, 100.00, 108.88]
L_A = 318.31
Y_b = 20.0
surround = colour.VIEWING_CONDITIONS_CIECAM02["Average"]
specification = colour.XYZ_to_CIECAM02(XYZ, XYZ_w, L_A, Y_b, surround)
JMh = [specification.J, specification.M, specification.h]
colour.JMh_CIECAM02_to_CAM02UCS(JMh)
[47.16899898 38.72623785 15.8663383 ]
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952]
XYZ_w = [95.05 / 100, 100.00 / 100, 108.88 / 100]
L_A = 318.31
Y_b = 20.0
colour.XYZ_to_CAM02UCS(XYZ, XYZ_w=XYZ_w, L_A=L_A, Y_b=Y_b)
[47.16899898 38.72623785 15.8663383 ]
3.12.7 CAM16-LCD, CAM16-SCD, and CAM16-UCS Colourspaces - Li et al. (2017)#
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
XYZ_w = [95.05, 100.00, 108.88]
L_A = 318.31
Y_b = 20.0
surround = colour.VIEWING_CONDITIONS_CAM16["Average"]
specification = colour.XYZ_to_CAM16(XYZ, XYZ_w, L_A, Y_b, surround)
JMh = [specification.J, specification.M, specification.h]
colour.JMh_CAM16_to_CAM16UCS(JMh)
[46.55542238 40.22460974 14.25288392]
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952]
XYZ_w = [95.05 / 100, 100.00 / 100, 108.88 / 100]
L_A = 318.31
Y_b = 20.0
colour.XYZ_to_CAM16UCS(XYZ, XYZ_w=XYZ_w, L_A=L_A, Y_b=Y_b)
[46.55542238 40.22460974 14.25288392]
3.12.8 DIN99 Colourspace and DIN99b, DIN99c, DIN99d Refined Formulas#
import colour
Lab = [41.52787529, 52.63858304, 26.92317922]
colour.Lab_to_DIN99(Lab)
[53.22821988 28.41634656 3.89839552]
3.12.9 ICaCb Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_ICaCb([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[0.06875297 0.05753352 0.02081548]
3.12.10 IgPgTg Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_IgPgTg([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[0.42421258 0.18632491 0.10689223]
3.12.11 IPT Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_IPT([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[0.38426191 0.38487306 0.18886838]
3.12.12 Jzazbz Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_Jzazbz([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[0.00535048 0.00924302 0.00526007]
3.12.13 Hunter L,a,b Colour Scale#
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
colour.XYZ_to_Hunter_Lab(XYZ)
[34.92452577 47.06189858 14.38615107]
3.12.14 Hunter Rd,a,b Colour Scale#
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
colour.XYZ_to_Hunter_Rdab(XYZ)
[12.197225 57.12537874 17.46241341]
3.12.15 Oklab Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_Oklab([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[0.51634019 0.154695 0.06289579]
3.12.16 OSA UCS Colourspace#
import colour
XYZ = [0.20654008 * 100, 0.12197225 * 100, 0.05136952 * 100]
colour.XYZ_to_OSA_UCS(XYZ)
[-3.0049979 2.99713697 -9.66784231]
3.12.17 ProLab Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_ProLab([0.51634019, 0.15469500, 0.06289579])
[59.8466286 115.0396354 20.12510352]
3.12.18 Ragoo and Farup (2021) Optimised IPT Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_IPT_Ragoo2021([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[0.42248243 0.2910514 0.20410663]
3.12.19 Yrg Colourspace - Kirk (2019)#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_Yrg([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[0.13137801 0.49037645 0.37777388]
3.12.20 hdr-CIELAB Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_hdr_CIELab([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[51.87002062 60.4763385 32.14551912]
3.12.21 hdr-IPT Colourspace#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_hdr_IPT([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[25.18261761 -22.62111297 3.18511729]
3.12.22 Y’CbCr Colour Encoding#
import colour
colour.RGB_to_YCbCr([1.0, 1.0, 1.0])
[0.92156863 0.50196078 0.50196078]
3.12.23 YCoCg Colour Encoding#
import colour
colour.RGB_to_YCoCg([0.75, 0.75, 0.0])
[0.5625 0.375 0.1875]
3.12.24 ICtCp Colour Encoding#
import colour
colour.RGB_to_ICtCp([0.45620519, 0.03081071, 0.04091952])
[0.07351364 0.00475253 0.09351596]
3.12.25 HSV Colourspace#
import colour
colour.RGB_to_HSV([0.45620519, 0.03081071, 0.04091952])
[0.99603944 0.93246304 0.45620519]
3.12.26 IHLS Colourspace#
import colour
colour.RGB_to_IHLS([0.45620519, 0.03081071, 0.04091952])
[6.26236117 0.12197943 0.42539448]
3.12.27 Prismatic Colourspace#
import colour
colour.RGB_to_Prismatic([0.25, 0.50, 0.75])
[0.75 0.16666667 0.33333333 0.5 ]
3.12.28 RGB Colourspace and Transformations#
import colour
XYZ = [0.21638819, 0.12570000, 0.03847493]
illuminant_XYZ = [0.34570, 0.35850]
illuminant_RGB = [0.31270, 0.32900]
chromatic_adaptation_transform = "Bradford"
matrix_XYZ_to_RGB = [
[3.24062548, -1.53720797, -0.49862860],
[-0.96893071, 1.87575606, 0.04151752],
[0.05571012, -0.20402105, 1.05699594],
]
colour.XYZ_to_RGB(
XYZ,
illuminant_XYZ,
illuminant_RGB,
matrix_XYZ_to_RGB,
chromatic_adaptation_transform,
)
[0.45595571 0.03039702 0.04087245]
3.12.29 RGB Colourspace Derivation#
import colour
p = [0.73470, 0.26530, 0.00000, 1.00000, 0.00010, -0.07700]
w = [0.32168, 0.33767]
colour.normalised_primary_matrix(p, w)
[[9.52552396e-01 0.00000000e+00 9.36786317e-05]
[3.43966450e-01 7.28166097e-01 -7.21325464e-02]
[0.00000000e+00 0.00000000e+00 1.00882518e+00]]
3.12.30 RGB Colourspaces#
import colour
sorted(colour.RGB_COLOURSPACES)
['ACES2065-1', 'ACEScc', 'ACEScct', 'ACEScg', 'ACESproxy', 'ARRI Wide Gamut 3', 'ARRI Wide Gamut 4', 'Adobe RGB (1998)', 'Adobe Wide Gamut RGB', 'Apple RGB', 'Apple Wide Gamut', 'Best RGB', 'Beta RGB', 'Blackmagic Wide Gamut', 'CIE RGB', 'CIE XYZ-D65 - Scene-referred', 'Cinema Gamut', 'ColorMatch RGB', 'DCDM XYZ', 'DCI-P3', 'DCI-P3-P', 'DJI D-Gamut', 'DRAGONcolor', 'DRAGONcolor2', 'DaVinci Wide Gamut', 'Display P3', 'Don RGB 4', 'EBU Tech. 3213-E', 'ECI RGB v2', 'ERIMM RGB', 'Ekta Space PS 5', 'F-Gamut', 'F-Gamut C', 'FilmLight E-Gamut', 'FilmLight E-Gamut 2', 'Gamma 1.8 Encoded Rec.709', 'Gamma 2.2 Encoded AP1', 'Gamma 2.2 Encoded AdobeRGB', 'Gamma 2.2 Encoded Rec.709', 'ITU-R BT.2020', 'ITU-R BT.470 - 525', 'ITU-R BT.470 - 625', 'ITU-R BT.709', 'ITU-T H.273 - 22 Unspecified', 'ITU-T H.273 - Generic Film', 'Linear AdobeRGB', 'Linear P3-D65', 'Linear Rec.2020', 'Linear Rec.709 (sRGB)', 'Max RGB', 'N-Gamut', 'NTSC (1953)', 'NTSC (1987)', 'P3-D65', 'PLASA ANSI E1.54', 'Pal/Secam', 'ProPhoto RGB', 'Protune Native', 'REDWideGamutRGB', 'REDcolor', 'REDcolor2', 'REDcolor3', 'REDcolor4', 'RIMM RGB', 'ROMM RGB', 'Russell RGB', 'S-Gamut', 'S-Gamut3', 'S-Gamut3.Cine', 'SMPTE 240M', 'SMPTE C', 'Sharp RGB', 'V-Gamut', 'Venice S-Gamut3', 'Venice S-Gamut3.Cine', 'Xtreme RGB', 'aces', 'adobe1998', 'g18_rec709_scene', 'g22_adobergb_scene', 'g22_ap1_scene', 'g22_rec709_scene', 'lin_adobergb_scene', 'lin_ap0_scene', 'lin_ap1_scene', 'lin_ciexyzd65_scene', 'lin_p3d65_scene', 'lin_rec2020_scene', 'lin_rec709_scene', 'prophoto', 'sRGB', 'sRGB Encoded AP1', 'sRGB Encoded P3-D65', 'sRGB Encoded Rec.709 (sRGB)', 'srgb_ap1_scene', 'srgb_p3d65_scene', 'srgb_rec709_scene']
3.12.31 OETFs#
import colour
sorted(colour.OETFS)
['ARIB STD-B67', 'Blackmagic Film Generation 5', 'DaVinci Intermediate', 'ITU-R BT.2020', 'ITU-R BT.2100 HLG', 'ITU-R BT.2100 PQ', 'ITU-R BT.601', 'ITU-R BT.709', 'ITU-T H.273 IEC 61966-2', 'ITU-T H.273 Log', 'ITU-T H.273 Log Sqrt', 'SMPTE 240M']
3.12.32 EOTFs#
import colour
sorted(colour.EOTFS)
['DCDM', 'DICOM GSDF', 'ITU-R BT.1886', 'ITU-R BT.2100 HLG', 'ITU-R BT.2100 PQ', 'ITU-T H.273 ST.428-1', 'SMPTE 240M', 'ST 2084', 'sRGB']
3.12.33 OOTFs#
import colour
sorted(colour.OOTFS)
['ITU-R BT.2100 HLG', 'ITU-R BT.2100 PQ']
3.12.34 Log Encoding / Decoding#
import colour
sorted(colour.LOG_ENCODINGS)
['ACEScc', 'ACEScct', 'ACESproxy', 'ARRI LogC3', 'ARRI LogC4', 'Apple Log Profile', 'Canon Log', 'Canon Log 2', 'Canon Log 3', 'Cineon', 'D-Log', 'ERIMM RGB', 'F-Log', 'F-Log2', 'Filmic Pro 6', 'L-Log', 'Log2', 'Log3G10', 'Log3G12', 'Mi-Log', 'N-Log', 'PLog', 'Panalog', 'Protune', 'REDLog', 'REDLogFilm', 'S-Log', 'S-Log2', 'S-Log3', 'T-Log', 'V-Log', 'ViperLog']
3.12.35 CCTFs Encoding / Decoding#
import colour
sorted(colour.CCTF_ENCODINGS)
['ACEScc', 'ACEScct', 'ACESproxy', 'ARIB STD-B67', 'ARRI LogC3', 'ARRI LogC4', 'Apple Log Profile', 'Blackmagic Film Generation 5', 'Canon Log', 'Canon Log 2', 'Canon Log 3', 'Cineon', 'D-Log', 'DCDM', 'DICOM GSDF', 'DaVinci Intermediate', 'ERIMM RGB', 'F-Log', 'F-Log2', 'Filmic Pro 6', 'Gamma 2.2', 'Gamma 2.4', 'Gamma 2.6', 'ITU-R BT.1886', 'ITU-R BT.2020', 'ITU-R BT.2100 HLG', 'ITU-R BT.2100 PQ', 'ITU-R BT.601', 'ITU-R BT.709', 'ITU-T H.273 IEC 61966-2', 'ITU-T H.273 Log', 'ITU-T H.273 Log Sqrt', 'ITU-T H.273 ST.428-1', 'L-Log', 'Log2', 'Log3G10', 'Log3G12', 'Mi-Log', 'N-Log', 'PLog', 'Panalog', 'ProPhoto RGB', 'Protune', 'REDLog', 'REDLogFilm', 'RIMM RGB', 'ROMM RGB', 'S-Log', 'S-Log2', 'S-Log3', 'SMPTE 240M', 'ST 2084', 'T-Log', 'V-Log', 'ViperLog', 'sRGB']
3.12.36 Recommendation ITU-T H.273 Code points for Video Signal Type Identification#
import colour
colour.COLOUR_PRIMARIES_ITUTH273.keys()
dict_keys([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 22, 23])
import colour
colour.models.describe_video_signal_colour_primaries(1)
===============================================================================
* *
* Colour Primaries: 1 *
* ------------------- *
* *
* Primaries : [[ 0.64 0.33] *
* [ 0.3 0.6 ] *
* [ 0.15 0.06]] *
* Whitepoint : [ 0.3127 0.329 ] *
* Whitepoint Name : D65 *
* NPM : [[ 0.4123908 0.35758434 0.18048079] *
* [ 0.21263901 0.71516868 0.07219232] *
* [ 0.01933082 0.11919478 0.95053215]] *
* NPM -1 : [[ 3.24096994 -1.53738318 -0.49861076] *
* [-0.96924364 1.8759675 0.04155506] *
* [ 0.05563008 -0.20397696 1.05697151]] *
* FFmpeg Constants : ['AVCOL_PRI_BT709', 'BT709'] *
* *
===============================================================================
import colour
colour.TRANSFER_CHARACTERISTICS_ITUTH273.keys()
dict_keys([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19])
import colour
colour.models.describe_video_signal_transfer_characteristics(1)
===============================================================================
* *
* Transfer Characteristics: 1 *
* --------------------------- *
* *
* Function : <function oetf_BT709 at 0x7f7b918776a0> *
* FFmpeg Constants : ['AVCOL_TRC_BT709', 'BT709'] *
* *
===============================================================================
import colour
colour.MATRIX_COEFFICIENTS_ITUTH273.keys()
dict_keys([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15])
import colour
colour.models.describe_video_signal_matrix_coefficients(1)
===============================================================================
* *
* Matrix Coefficients: 1 *
* ---------------------- *
* *
* Matrix Coefficients : [ 0.2126 0.0722] *
* FFmpeg Constants : ['AVCOL_SPC_BT709', 'BT709'] *
* *
===============================================================================
3.13 Colour Notation Systems - colour.notation#
3.13.1 Munsell Value#
import colour
colour.munsell_value(12.23634268)
np.float64(4.08244370765)
import colour
sorted(colour.MUNSELL_VALUE_METHODS)
['ASTM D1535', 'Ladd 1955', 'McCamy 1987', 'Moon 1943', 'Munsell 1933', 'Priest 1920', 'Saunderson 1944', 'astm2008']
3.13.2 Munsell Colour#
import colour
colour.xyY_to_munsell_colour([0.38736945, 0.35751656, 0.59362000])
4.2YR 8.1/5.3
import colour
colour.munsell_colour_to_xyY("4.2YR 8.1/5.3")
[0.38736945 0.35751656 0.59362 ]
import colour
sorted(colour.XYY_TO_MUNSELL_COLOUR_METHODS)
['Centore 2014', 'ONNX']
3.14 Optical Phenomena - colour.phenomena#
3.14.1 CIE Standard General Sky#
import colour
import numpy as np
# Relative luminance for CIE Standard General Sky Type 12 (Clear Sky)
colour.phenomena.sky_luminance_distribution_CIE2003(
12, np.radians(45), np.radians(180), np.radians(30), np.radians(0)
)
0.4544524...
3.14.2 Prague Sky Model - Wilkie et al. (2021)#
import numpy as np
from colour.phenomena.sky.wilkie2021 import (
SkyDataset_Wilkie2021,
compute_sky_parameters_Wilkie2021,
sky_radiance_Wilkie2021,
)
dataset = SkyDataset_Wilkie2021()
parameters = compute_sky_parameters_Wilkie2021(
view_point=[0, 0, 0],
view_direction=[0, 0, 1],
sun_elevation=np.radians(30),
sun_azimuth=0,
visibility=50,
albedo=0.5,
)
sky_radiance_Wilkie2021(dataset, parameters, np.array([460, 540, 620]))
3.14.3 Rayleigh Scattering#
import colour
colour.sd_rayleigh_scattering()
[[3.60000000e+02 5.60246579e-01]
[3.61000000e+02 5.53748137e-01]
[3.62000000e+02 5.47344692e-01]
...
[7.80000000e+02 2.35336632e-02]]
3.14.4 Thin Film Interference#
import colour
import numpy as np
# Soap film (water, n=1.33) interference
R, T = colour.thin_film_tmm(
n=[1.0, 1.33, 1.0], # [air, film, air]
t=300, # 300 nm thickness
wavelength=np.linspace(380, 780, 10),
theta=0, # Normal incidence
)
print(R[..., 0]) # s-polarisation reflectance
[[[0.01800269]]
[[0.03176697]]
[[0.0452849 ]]
[[0.05812178]]
[[0.06940598]]
[[0.07834261]]
[[0.08446072]]
[[0.08770155]]
[[0.08842705]]
[[0.08732785]]]
3.15 Light Quality - colour.quality#
3.15.1 Colour Fidelity Index#
import colour
colour.colour_fidelity_index(colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["FL2"])
np.float64(70.1208244014)
import colour
sorted(colour.COLOUR_FIDELITY_INDEX_METHODS)
['ANSI/IES TM-30-18', 'CIE 2017']
3.15.2 Colour Quality Scale#
import colour
colour.colour_quality_scale(colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["FL2"])
np.float64(64.1118220157)
import colour
sorted(colour.COLOUR_QUALITY_SCALE_METHODS)
['NIST CQS 7.4', 'NIST CQS 9.0']
3.15.3 Colour Rendering Index#
import colour
colour.colour_rendering_index(colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["FL2"])
np.float64(64.2337241217)
import colour
sorted(colour.COLOUR_RENDERING_INDEX_METHODS)
['CIE 1995', 'CIE 2024']
3.15.4 Academy Spectral Similarity Index (SSI)#
import colour
colour.spectral_similarity_index(
colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["C"], colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["D65"]
)
np.float64(94.0)
3.15.5 Television Lighting Consistency Index (TLCI-2012)#
import colour
colour.television_lighting_consistency_index(colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["FL2"])
np.float64(29.4925417531)
3.15.6 Television Luminaire Matching Factor (TLMF-2013)#
import colour
colour.television_luminaire_matching_factor(
colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["FL2"], colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["D65"]
)
np.float64(5.3760796034)
3.16 Spectral Up-Sampling & Recovery - colour.recovery#
3.16.1 Reflectance Recovery#
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_sd([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952])
[[3.60000000e+02 8.42398617e-02]
[3.65000000e+02 8.42355431e-02]
[3.70000000e+02 8.42689564e-02]
...
[7.80000000e+02 4.46952477e-01]]
import colour
sorted(colour.XYZ_TO_SD_METHODS)
['Gaussian', 'Jakob 2019', 'Mallett 2019', 'Meng 2015', 'Otsu 2018', 'Smits 1999']
import colour
colour.XYZ_to_msds(
[
[0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952],
[0.14223761, 0.23042375, 0.10498415],
[0.07820260, 0.06157595, 0.28106183],
]
).shape
(3, 421)
import colour
sorted(colour.XYZ_TO_MSDS_METHODS)
['Gaussian', 'Smits 1999']
3.16.2 Camera RGB Sensitivities Recovery#
import colour
illuminant = colour.colorimetry.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["D65"]
sensitivities = colour.characterisation.MSDS_CAMERA_SENSITIVITIES["Nikon 5100 (NPL)"]
reflectances = [
sd.copy().align(colour.recovery.SPECTRAL_SHAPE_BASIS_FUNCTIONS_DYER2017)
for sd in colour.SDS_COLOURCHECKERS["BabelColor Average"].values()
]
reflectances = colour.colorimetry.sds_and_msds_to_msds(reflectances)
RGB = colour.colorimetry.msds_to_XYZ(
reflectances,
method="Integration",
cmfs=sensitivities,
illuminant=illuminant,
k=0.01,
shape=colour.recovery.SPECTRAL_SHAPE_BASIS_FUNCTIONS_DYER2017,
)
colour.recovery.RGB_to_msds_camera_sensitivities_Jiang2013(
RGB,
illuminant,
reflectances,
colour.recovery.BASIS_FUNCTIONS_DYER2017,
colour.recovery.SPECTRAL_SHAPE_BASIS_FUNCTIONS_DYER2017,
)
RGB_CameraSensitivities([[4.00000000e+02, 7.04378461e-03, 9.21260449e-03,
-7.64080878e-03],
[4.10000000e+02, -8.76715607e-03, 1.12726694e-02,
6.37434190e-03],
[4.20000000e+02, 4.58126856e-02, 7.18000418e-02,
4.00001696e-01],
...
[6.80000000e+02, 4.00195568e-02, 5.55512389e-03,
1.36794925e-03],
[6.90000000e+02, -4.32240535e-03, 2.49731193e-03,
3.80303275e-04],
[7.00000000e+02, -6.00395414e-03, 1.54678227e-03,
5.40394352e-04]],
['red', 'green', 'blue'],
SpragueInterpolator,
{},
Extrapolator,
{'method': 'Constant', 'left': None, 'right': None})
3.18 Colour Volume - colour.volume#
import colour
colour.RGB_colourspace_volume_MonteCarlo(colour.RGB_COLOURSPACE_RGB["sRGB"])
np.float64(821958.30000000005)
3.19 Geometry Primitives Generation - colour.geometry#
import colour
colour.primitive("Grid")
(array([([-0.5, 0.5, 0. ], [0., 1.], [0., 0., 1.], [0., 1., 0., 1.]),
([0.5, 0.5, 0. ], [1., 1.], [0., 0., 1.], [1., 1., 0., 1.]),
([-0.5, -0.5, 0. ], [0., 0.], [0., 0., 1.], [0., 0., 0., 1.]),
([0.5, -0.5, 0. ], [1., 0.], [0., 0., 1.], [1., 0., 0., 1.])],
dtype=[('position', '<f8', (3,)), ('uv', '<f8', (2,)), ('normal', '<f8', (3,)), ('colour', '<f8', (4,))]), array([[0, 2, 1],
[2, 3, 1]]), array([[0, 2],
[2, 3],
[3, 1],
[1, 0]]))
import colour
sorted(colour.PRIMITIVE_METHODS)
['Cube', 'Grid']
import colour
colour.primitive_vertices("Quad MPL")
[[0. 0. 0.]
[1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0.]
[0. 1. 0.]]
3.20 Plotting - colour.plotting#
Most of the objects are available from the colour.plotting namespace:
from colour.plotting import *
colour_style()
3.20.1 Visible Spectrum#
from colour.plotting import *
plot_visible_spectrum("CIE 1931 2 Degree Standard Observer")
(<Figure size 640x480 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'The Visible Spectrum - CIE 1931 2$^\\circ$ Standard Observer'}, xlabel='Wavelength $\\lambda$ (nm)'>)
3.20.2 Spectral Distribution#
from colour.plotting import *
plot_single_illuminant_sd("FL1")
(<Figure size 640x480 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'Illuminant FL1 - CIE 1931 2$^\\circ$ Standard Observer'}, xlabel='Wavelength $\\lambda$ (nm)', ylabel='Relative Power'>)
3.20.3 Blackbody#
import colour
from colour.plotting import *
blackbody_sds = [
colour.sd_blackbody(i, colour.SpectralShape(1, 10001, 10))
for i in range(1000, 15000, 1000)
]
plot_multi_sds(
blackbody_sds,
y_label="W / (sr m$^2$) / m",
plot_kwargs={"use_sd_colours": True, "normalise_sd_colours": True},
legend_location="upper right",
bounding_box=(0, 1250, 0, 2.5e6),
)
(<Figure size 640x480 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: xlabel='Wavelength $lambda$ (nm)', ylabel='W / (sr m$^2$) / m'>)
3.20.4 Colour Matching Functions#
from colour.plotting import *
plot_single_cmfs(
"Stockman & Sharpe 2 Degree Cone Fundamentals",
y_label="Sensitivity",
bounding_box=(390, 870, 0, 1.1),
)
(<Figure size 640x480 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'Stockman & Sharpe 2$^circ$ Cone Fundamentals - Colour Matching Functions'}, xlabel='Wavelength $lambda$ (nm)', ylabel='Sensitivity'>)
3.20.5 Luminous Efficiency#
import colour
from colour.plotting import *
sd_mesopic_luminous_efficiency_function = (
colour.sd_mesopic_luminous_efficiency_function(0.2)
)
plot_multi_sds(
(
sd_mesopic_luminous_efficiency_function,
colour.colorimetry.SDS_LEFS_PHOTOPIC["CIE 1924 Photopic Standard Observer"],
colour.colorimetry.SDS_LEFS_SCOTOPIC["CIE 1951 Scotopic Standard Observer"],
),
y_label="Luminous Efficiency",
legend_location="upper right",
y_tighten=True,
margins=(0, 0, 0, 0.1),
)
(<Figure size 640x480 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: xlabel='Wavelength $lambda$ (nm)', ylabel='Luminous Efficiency'>)
3.20.6 Colour Checker#
import colour
from colour.plotting import *
plot_multi_sds(
list(colour.SDS_COLOURCHECKERS["BabelColor Average"].values()),
plot_kwargs={
"use_sd_colours": True,
},
title=("BabelColor Average - " "Spectral Distributions"),
)
(<Figure size 640x480 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'BabelColor Average - Spectral Distributions'}, xlabel='Wavelength $lambda$ (nm)', ylabel='Spectral Distribution'>)
from colour.plotting import *
plot_single_colour_checker("ColorChecker 2005", text_kwargs={"visible": False})
(<Figure size 640x480 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'ColorChecker 2005'}>)
3.20.7 Chromaticities Prediction#
from colour.plotting import *
plot_corresponding_chromaticities_prediction(
2, "Von Kries", {"transform": "Bianco 2010"}
)
(<Figure size 640x640 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'Corresponding Chromaticities Prediction - Von Kries - Experiment 2 - CIE 1976 UCS Chromaticity Diagram'}, xlabel="CIE u'", ylabel="CIE v'">)
3.20.8 Chromaticities#
import numpy as np
from colour.plotting import *
RGB = np.random.random((32, 32, 3))
plot_RGB_chromaticities_in_chromaticity_diagram_CIE1931(
RGB,
"ITU-R BT.709",
colourspaces=["ACEScg", "S-Gamut", "Pointer Gamut"],
)
(<Figure size 640x640 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'ACEScg, S-Gamut, ITU-R BT.709\nCIE 1931 2 Degree Standard Observer - CIE 1931 Chromaticity Diagram'}, xlabel='CIE x',
ylabel='CIE y'>
3.20.9 Colour Rendering Index Bars#
import colour
from colour.plotting import *
plot_single_sd_colour_rendering_index_bars(colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["FL2"])
(<Figure size 640x640 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'Colour Rendering Index - FL2'}>)
3.20.10 ANSI/IES TM-30-18 Colour Rendition Report#
import colour
from colour.plotting import *
plot_single_sd_colour_rendition_report(colour.SDS_ILLUMINANTS["FL2"])
(<Figure size 827x1169 with 13 Axes>, <Axes: >)
3.20.11 Gamut Section#
from colour.plotting import *
plot_visible_spectrum_section(section_colours="RGB", section_opacity=0.15)
(<Figure size 640x640 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'Visible Spectrum Section - 50.0% - CIE xyY - CIE 1931 2$^\\circ$ Standard Observer'}, xlabel='x', ylabel='y'>)
from colour.plotting import *
plot_RGB_colourspace_section("sRGB", section_colours="RGB", section_opacity=0.15)
(<Figure size 640x640 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'sRGB Section - 50.0% - CIE xyY'}, xlabel='x', ylabel='y'>)
3.20.12 Colour Temperature#
from colour.plotting import *
plot_planckian_locus_in_chromaticity_diagram_CIE1960UCS(["A", "B", "C"])
(<Figure size 640x640 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'A, B, C Illuminants - Planckian Locus\nCIE 1960 UCS Chromaticity Diagram - CIE 1931 2 Degree Standard Observer'}, xlabel='CIE u', ylabel='CIE v'>)
3.20.13 Thin Film Interference#
from colour.plotting import *
plot_thin_film_iridescence([1.0, 1.33, 1.0])
(<Figure size 640x480 with 1 Axes>, <Axes: title={'center': 'Thin Film Iridescence (n=1.33, θ=0°)'}, xlabel='Thickness (nm)', ylabel=''>)
4 User Guide#
5 API Reference#
6 See Also#
6.1 Software#
Python
ColorAide by Muse, I.
ColorPy by Kness, M.
Colorspacious by Smith, N. J., et al.
python-colormath by Taylor, G., et al.
Go
go-colorful by Beyer, L., et al.
.NET
Colourful by Pažourek, T., et al.
Julia
Colors.jl by Holy, T., et al.
Matlab & Octave
COLORLAB by Malo, J., et al.
Psychtoolbox by Brainard, D., et al.
The Munsell and Kubelka-Munk Toolbox by Centore, P.
7 Code of Conduct#
The Code of Conduct, adapted from the Contributor Covenant 1.4, is available on the Code of Conduct page.
9 About#
Colour by Colour Developers
Copyright 2013 Colour Developers – colour-developers@colour-science.org
This software is released under terms of BSD-3-Clause: https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause